Ironweed           Vernonia fasciculata


Description:  Ironweed is a member of the Compositae, aster, or daisy family, bet lacks the usual petal-like rays. It is a stout plant to 2 meters tall with smooth, hairless stems and leaves.

 

Leaf: The leaves are alternate, finely and regularly toothed along their edges, widest at the middle and gradually tapering to narrow bases and pointed tips. The largest leaves can be 15 cm long and over 3 cm wide, but are often much narrower. There are numerous tiny pits on the underside of each leaf.

 

Flower:  Flowers 15-25 richly colored, small, reddish-purple flowers are crowded together in a flat head.

 

Blooming months: July- September

 

Stem:  The erect, woody stems are red or purple and quite tough, lending to its name.

 

 

 

 

 

 

10-3

 

 

 

Discussion: Iron weed has a bitter taste and is not very palatable to cattle. A bitter tonic was made from this plant in early times and used as an appetite improver and to promote digestion.

 

Distribution: Common in wet prairies and moist prairie depressions, often growing with Prairie Cord Grass. Distributed through most of the tallgrass region.

 

Native or Introduced to Illinois: Native

 

Location: N41048.677’ W089040.972’

 

Copyright: © 2004 Nancy Trainor, Challand Middle School, Sterling, Illinois

                                ntrainor@sterlingschools.org

References:

Keller, Carolyn. Prairie Plants of Whiteside County, Whiteside IL County Natural Area Guardians, 1991.

Ladd, Doug. Tallgrass Prairie Wildflowers, The Nature Conservancy, 1995.

Peterson, Roger Tory. Wildflowers Northeastern/North Central North America, Houghton Mifflin Company, Boston, 1968.

Mohlenbroch, Robert H., and John W. Voigt. Prairie Plants of Illinois, Department of Conservation.

http://plants.usda.gov/

 

Return to Challand Middle School Prairie Project home page

Return to Mrs. Trainor’s 7-1 Life Science home page