Black-Eyed Susan   Rudbeckia hirta L.

Other Name: Brown-Eyed Susan


Description: The handsome, familiar Black-eyed Susan is a native, warm-season perennial herb belonging to the Composite, or aster family. Black-eyed Susan grows to a height up to 70 cm.

 

Leaf: The alternate, lance-shaped, toothed leaves are thick and rough. There are several parallel veins running along the length of each leaf. The upper leaves are smaller and sessile. Stiff hairs cover the leaves and stems.

 

Flower: The flowers have ten to twenty orange to yellow-orange rays and dark purple brown dome-shaped disks. Each head is about 6-7 cm broad. The rays lack pistils and stamens. The fruit and seed are formed by the disk flowers.

 

Blooming months: July-August.

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

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Discussion: Early settlers made a tea from the leaves for us as a kidney stimulant. A yellow dye can be made from the plant. This plant is often brought into gardens because of its showy flowers.       

 

Distribution: This species is found in all Illinois prairies. In some Illinois hill prairies, a shorter, later-blooming species is Rudbeckia missouriensis. The Black-eyed Susan is widely distributed across the prairies and plains from Canada to Texas and west to the Rockies.      

 

Native or Introduced to Illinois: Native

 

Location: N41048.677’ W089040.972’

 

Copyright: © 2004 Nancy Trainor, Challand Middle School, Sterling, Illinois

                                ntrainor@sterlingschools.org

References:

Keller, Carolyn. Prairie Plants of Whiteside County, Whiteside IL County Natural Area Guardians, 1991.

Ladd, Doug. Tallgrass Prairie Wildflowers, The Nature Conservancy, 1995.

Peterson, Roger Tory. Wildflowers Northeastern/North Central North America, Houghton Mifflin Company, Boston, 1968.

Mohlenbroch, Robert H., and John W. Voigt. Prairie Plants of Illinois, Department of Conservation.

http://plants.usda.gov/

 

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